Ànyị kwesịrị dochie okwu ahụ bụ "Geomatics"?

N'iburu n'uche nsonaazụ nyocha a mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, nke RICS Geomatics Professionals Group Board (GPGB) mere, Brian Coutts na-enyocha mmalite nke okwu ahụ bụ "Geomatics" ma na-arụ ụka na oge eruola ịtụle mgbanwe.

Okwu a ewelitela isi "jọrọ njọ" ya ọzọ. RICS Geomatics Professionals Group Board (GPGB), dị ka anyị kwuru na nso nso a mere nnyocha e mere banyere ojiji nke okwu "Geomatics" na-akọwa ihe na-adịbu, na ha na ụlọ ọrụ, Surveying na Hydrography Division (LHSD) . Gordon Johnston, Onye isi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha na nso nso a, kwuru na nso nso a na "anatabeghị azịza zuru oke iji gaa n'ihu na okwu ahụ." Ya mere, ọ dị ka, ma ọ dịkarịa ala maka ụfọdụ, a ka nwere ogo nke enweghị mmasị na okwu ahụ nke na a pụrụ iwere ya dị ka mgbanwe. Geomatics abụrụla okwu na-ese okwu kemgbe oge ewepụtara ya na 1998, ma ọ dịgidere otu ahụ.

Jon Maynard kọrọ na, na 1998, naanị 13% nke Ala na Hydrography Division kwadoro mkpebi nke ịgbanwe aha ka ọ bụrụ ikike nke Geomatics, na, nke 13%, 113 kwadoro atụmatụ ahụ na 93 na-emegide . Ọ bụrụ na anyị wepụta nọmba ndị ahụ ọ ga - eso na nke ahụ n'oge ahụ, enwere ihe dị ka ndị otu 1585 na LHSD. Onu ogugu enyere nyere ndi 7,1% nke ndi otu nwere amara na 5,9% megide, ya bu, oke nke 1,2% nke ndi otu! O doro anya na ọ bụghị ihe a ga-akpọ ntuli aka doro anya, ma ọ bụ ikike maka mgbanwe, ọkachasị mgbe enwere ya na 87% kwupụtara enweghị echiche.

Ebee ka okwu a si di na Geomatics si?

A na-echekarị na okwu ahụ sitere na Canada wee gbasaa ngwa ngwa na Australia wee banye UK. Arụmụka na-esote, na Great Britain, gbasara atụmatụ ịgbanwe aha ọmụmụ nyocha ma na mahadum ma na ngalaba RICS iji tinye okwu ọhụrụ ahụ, ghọrọ moot n'oge ahụ, ma na-eme ka ịgụ akwụkwọ na-adọrọ mmasị na ndekọ nke ihe. mgbe ahụ bụ ụwa nke topography. Oku Stephen Booth maka "...kwa nkwalite nke ihe Geomatics pụtara..." yiri ka a naghị ege ntị na 2011.

Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ihe akaebe na-egosi na e jiri okwu ahụ Geomatics mee ihe dị ka 1960, a na-anabatakarị na okwu ahụ (geomatique na French mbụ nke geomatics bụ ntụgharị Bekee) bu nke mbụ na akwụkwọ sayensị na 1975 site Bernard Dubuisson, onye France geodesta na onye na - ese foto (Gagnon na Coleman, 1990). Edeela ya na Kọmitii International nke asụsụ French nabatara okwu ahụ na 1977 dị ka akwụkwọ neologism. Ya mere, ọ bụghị naanị na 1975, mana o nwekwara ihe ọ pụtara! Ọ bụ ezie na Dubuisson akọwapụtaghị ya nke ọma, akọwapụtara nkọwa ya n'akwụkwọ ya dịka ọ gbasara ọnọdụ mpaghara na kọmputa.

N’oge ahụ okwu nnwereghị nkwenye a tụrụ anya ya. Ọ bụ mgbe Michel Paradis, onye nyocha si Quebec, were okwu ahụ, nke malitere iji ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Mahadum Laval were akwụkwọ ahụ iji agụmakwụkwọ dị na 1986 na ntinye nke mmemme mmụta na Geomatics (Gagnon na Coleman, 1990). O si Quebec gbasaa na Mahadum New Brunswick, ma gbasaa Canada niile. Naturedị asụsụ abụọ nke Canada nwere ike ịbụ ihe dị mkpa maka ịnakwere na ịgbatị na mba ahụ.

Gịnị kpatara mgbanwe?

Ya mere, ọ bụ ihe ijuanya na ndị agadi nọ n'ọrụ nyocha, mgbe e webatara okwu ahụ bụ "Geomatics" na Britain, chere na enwere ike ịnakwere ma kọwaa ya n'ụzọ na ndị họọrọ ya nwere ike ime ka ọ dị na mkpa nke onwe ha. Ihe kpatara ya maka mkpa mgbanwe ahụ bụ, nke mbụ, iji meziwanye ihe oyiyi nke topography site n'ime ka ọ dịkwuo mma, na nnukwu ahịa na ịnakwere teknụzụ ọhụrụ na mmepe. Nke abuo (na ikekwe n'ezie ihe ka mkpa) iji kwalite mma ọrụ ahụ nye ndị na-achọ akwụkwọ maka mmemme nyocha mahadum.

Gịnị kpatara ịgbanwe ọzọ?

N'ileghachi anya azụ, ọ ga-adị ka nke a bụ amụma nwere nchekwube. A na-etinyekarị mmemme nyocha mahadum n'ụlọ akwụkwọ injinia. Ụmụ akwụkwọ, na-ekwu okwu ọnụ ọgụgụ, anọgidewo na-ada mbà, ma ọ bụ na ọ dịghị ihe ọzọ anọgidewo na-abụ otu, na ọrụ na nnukwu anabataghị okwu maka ntinye n'ime utu aha internship ma ọ bụ na-achọghị ịkpọ onwe ha "geomaticians." Ma ọ bụ, ọ dị ka ọhaneze amaghị ihe Geomatics pụtara. Iji okwu geomatics dochie okwu topography, karịsịa nyocha ala, yiri ka ọ dara n'ọnụ niile. Ọzọkwa, ihe akaebe na-egosi na RICS GPGB ekwetaghịzi na geomatics bụ okwu ọ chọrọ ịnọgide na-eji na aha ya.

Nnyocha nke onye edemede mere na 2014, yana eziokwu ahụ bụ na GPGB ahụla na ọ dị mma iwelite okwu ahụ, na-egosi na ọ ka nwere afọ ojuju ma ọ dịkarịa ala na iji okwu geomatics dị ka nkọwa maka ... ihe. Ọ bụghị maka ọrụ ahụ, n'ezie, dịka ọ ka dị ka a nabatara ya dị ka "nyocha" ma ọ bụ "nyocha ala." Nke a abụghị naanị eziokwu na UK, mana ọ bụkwa eziokwu na Australia na ọbụna Canada, ebe okwu ahụ malitere ndụ. N'Australia, okwu geomatics adaala n'ozuzu ya ma jiri 'sayensị mbara igwe' dochie ya, nke n'onwe ya na-efunahụ ala n'oge na-adịbeghị anya ma na-agbasawanye ebe niile dịka 'sayensị geospatial'.

N'ọtụtụ mpaghara Canada, okwu geomatics jikọtara ya na injinia, na-atụ aro na nyocha nwere ike ịbụ ngalaba ọzọ nke ọzụzụ ahụ. Nke a bụ eziokwu karịsịa na Mahadum New Brunswick, ebe "Geomatics Engineering" na-anọdụ n'akụkụ alaka ndị ọzọ nke injinia, dị ka obodo na ígwè ọrụ.

Kedu ihe ga - edochi okwu geomatic?

Yabụ, ọ bụrụ na okwu geomatic emee ka ndị na-akwado ya ghara inwe obi ụtọ, olee okwu nwere ike dochie ya? Otu n’ime ihe jikọrọ n’onye anabataghị ya bụ ọnwụ nke akwụkwọ ntụpọ ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ nwere ike injinia geomatiki, mmadụ enwere ike ịnweta nyocha nke geomatic? Eleghị anya ọ ga-eme, aga m anwa ịtụ aro. Nke ahụ nwere ike ibute ọbụna ọgba aghara karị.

N'iburu mkpa na ikike na-eto eto nke ịkọwa kpọmkwem ebe ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ nke ihe niile, ma nke zuru oke ma nke ikwu, okwu ahụ bụ "oghere" na-abata ozugbo. Ya bụ, ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ dị na mbara igwe. Ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ ahụ dị na mbara igwe dị n'akụkụ usoro mbara ala, ọ na-esote na geo-spatial na-aghọ nhọrọ okike. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe ọmụma nke ọnọdụ ziri ezi bụ isi nke ịbụ onye na-enyocha ala, ikike na-arịwanye elu nke ọtụtụ ngwá ọrụ dị iche iche na-enye data ọnọdụ, yana ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke ngwa ndị nwere ike itinye ihe ọmụma dị otú ahụ, ọrụ ahụ. na-eto na mkpa - ọrụ bụ nke Geospatial Surveyor.

Ọ bụ ezie na "nyocha ala" nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme na mpako, nrụtụ aka nke ala nwere ike ịbụ na ọ gafeworo uru na mkpa ya. Usoro nka nke onye nyocha nke oge a na-enye ya ohere itinye ma ngwaọrụ ya na ahụmịhe ya na nghọta nke izi ezi, yana izi ezi nke nha sitere na isi mmalite dị iche iche, na mpaghara ngwa ngwa sara mbara, karịa ebe ọdịnala nke "topography na eserese". Nke a dị mkpa ka a mata ugbu a ka ọ na-ejigide njikọ na ọrụ ọdịnala. Mgbe achọrọ onye nkọwa tozuru oke ka ọ dị iche iche onye nyocha ala mbụ na ọtụtụ nchụso ndị ọzọ na-eji nyocha na aha ha, onye nyocha geospatial bụ okwu na-eju mkpa ahụ.

Ntughari

Booth, Stephen (2011). Anyị achọtara njikọ ahụ furu efu mana anyị agwaghị onye ọ bụla! World Geomatics, 19, 5

Dubuisson, Bernard. (1975). Omume sitere na Photogrammetrie et des Moyens Cartographiques nweta des Ordinateurs. (KJ Dennison, Trans.). Paris: Mbipụta Eyrolles.

Johnston, Gordon. (2016). Aha, iwu na ike. World Geomatics, 25, 1.

Gagnon, Pierre & Coleman, David J. (1990). Geomatics: uzo di nkpa na nhazi iji zute ihe omuma gbasara oghere. Canadianlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Nyocha na Nyocha nke Canada, 44 (4), 6.

Maynard, Jon. (1998). Geomatics - etinyela votu gị n’ime akaụntụ. Vewa nyocha, 6, 1.

E bipụtara ụdị mbụ nke edemede a na Geomatics World November / December 2017