cadastre Akụziri CAD / GIS Geospatial - GIS

Ntinye LADM iji INTERLIS - Colombia

N'izu nke atọ nke June 2016 e nyere INTERLIS Course, nke a hụrụ dịka asụsụ na ngwá ọrụ iji kwado mmejuputa nke Nchịkwa mpaghara ngalaba (LADM) na ala nchịkwa nke ala Colombia.

The N'ezie e mepụtara ná nkebi abụọ, otu na a isi / usoro iwu larịị na a nnukwu ìgwè dị iche iche oru aka na ala management, na-achọ ịghọta ihe bụ INTERLIS, ojiji nke ngwa mepụtara, otú ọ ga-eji na-arụpụta nke ya ngwa na Nchịkwa ala na Central / Eastern Europe Mba; ụbọchị nke abụọ nke N'ezie bụ ihe bara uru na a otu nke nta thematic ọkachamara na-e abuana ke ewu nlereanya LADM Colombia.

Ihe ịma aka na-adọrọ mmasị, na-eburu n'obi na onye mmezi nke Agụmakwụkwọ bụ Michael Germann, ọ dịkarịa ala n'ime ndị na-ekwu LADM dabeere na INTERLIS na ihe ngosi Ọhụụ na-adịbeghị anya, yana Jürg Kaufmann, Daniel Steudler, Christiaan Lemmen, Peter Van Oosterom na Kees de Zeeuw. M na-ekwu ihe ịma aka, n'ihi na ndị odide nke ọkwa a na-enwekarị ike n'oge ikpughe ihe ndị a na-ese anwụrụ ọkụ n'ihu ndị na-ahụkarị na ndị dị ugbu a na Latin America.

Kedu ihe bụ INTERLIS?

Ọ bụ asụsụ sụgharịrị echiche (Asụsụ Echiche Echiche - CSL), nke a na-eji akọwa ụdị, ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike iji ya maka usoro ọ bụla, ọ bụ ọkachamara na ụdị ọdịdị ala, ebe ọ gụnyere ọtụtụ ụdị jiometrị. Okwesiri ighota na INTERLIS abughi ngwanrọ, kama o bu onodu nnwere onwe nke ikpo okwu, nke gunyere usoro mbufe data nke eweputara site na ihe nlere ahu; INTERLIS abụghị asụsụ mmemme, ọ bụ ezie na o nwere usoro nke ya nke ọma ịkọwa ụdị, gụnyere ịkọwapụta ihe mgbochi (nrụgide).

LADM INTERLIS COLOMBIA

Usoro ntinye data bu ITF (INTERLIS-1) ma obu XTF (INTERLIS-2, ihe xML) eweputara, dika ekwuru ya, site na ihe omuma ihe omuma site na iji iwu ndi edozi. Ọnọdụ siri ike n'etiti ịme ngosi uwe na mbufe (usoro a na-agbaso) na-adọrọ nnọọ mmasị, n'ihi na n'azụ ya na-enye ihe ruru ọkụ nke LADM na otu mgbe a jụrụ ajụjụ ahụ ozugbo Ma ugbu a, ihe ala mmụọ ka m na-eme?

Nzụlite INTERLIS fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 30, mgbe na 1989 ndị Switzerland malitere itinye aka n'iji kọmputa eme ihe n'okpuru usoro ọgbara ọhụrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ha na-eji kọmputa maka cadastre kemgbe 70s, ọ bụ site na Project a maara dị ka RAV (Reform of the Official Cadastre) na-atụ aro aro na echiche etiti dabere na nnwere onwe na iji ụzọ maka ọrụ cadastral. O doro anya na mmalite nke ụkpụrụ a pụtara na ọ dị mkpa ịnweta ngwọta nke onwe maka ikpo okwu maka nkọwa na nchekwa data, na otú ahụ ka INTERLIS-1 si mụọ na 1989. Nkà ihe ọmụma ọmụmụ ya bara uru, na ụkpụrụ nke " nnwere onwe na iji usoro eme ihe", n'ihi na ọ na-akwalite na obodo ọ bụla, ngalaba, mpaghara mpaghara ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike iji ngwá ọrụ dabara ha, ma ọ bụrụhaala na ha na-agbaso INTERLIS, enwere ike ịmekọrịta mmekọrịta zuru oke. Onye na-anya ụgbọelu bụ na mmalite nke nineties, na 1993 e bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ cadastral nlereanya; na-akpali ma ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle na Cadastre 1994 initiative malitere na 2014 na e mesịrị bipụtara na 1998. LADM INTERLIS COLOMBIA

Mgbe egbe nke mbụ ukara cadastral nlereanya, e nwere ndị na nke mbụ ngwá ọrụ dị ka Compiler maka verifying ziri ezi syntax nke ụdị, Translator ruo data site na otu nlereanya na-ọzọ, na XTF Checker iji emere ebere data megide nlereanya; 1998 na 2006 n'etiti mepere INTERLIS-2 nakwa na afọ ndị Checker na-ebipụta n'okpuru a free ikike. N'ihi 2007 INTERLIS-aghọ a mba ọkọlọtọ na Switzerland na 2014 e nwere ugbua 160 ụdị nke mba SDI, kọwara na ọkọlọtọ, nke ndị ọzọ kere ihe ndabere maka egbe nke ọhụrụ Land Registry Mmachibido Public Iwu na Property , ịhụ nke 2014 Cadastre.

Dịka nkwubi okwu mbido, INTERLIS abụghị asụsụ mmemme, kama ọ bụ asụsụ nkọwa na ntụgharị data. Ọ bụ ezie na edere ya na UML, o nwere ụdị data ndị ọzọ dịka ịnyefe data na mmelite ndị bụbu nke gị.

Uru nke INTERLIS

Isi uru bụ "nnwere onwe nke ụzọ". Nkwado nke echiche nke Cadastre 2014 dị mkpa, karịsịa na usoro nke ijikwa thematic nnwere onwe na ụdị site themes ma n'ime otu akwụkwọ ntụaka usoro; agbakwunyere na mgbanwe ya iji mepụta ụdị data n'ozuzu ya, ọ bụ ezie na ọ ga-adị mkpa ịhụ ma ọ dị ka mma ndị agha Switzerland maka ịmegharị ihe.

Ndị ọkachamara IT na ndị ọkachamara maka nchịkwa ala na-aghọta ya nke ọma. Aghọtara na site na ntinye na iwu iji nweta usoro mbufe, enwere ike ịhazi ya ma kwado ya site na mmemme kọmputa.

Uru ndị ọzọ na-eche na enwere ike itinye ya n'ọrụ n'ụzọ dị mfe, ọ bụ ezie na mgbe ịlele akwụkwọ ntuziaka peeji nke 160… M ga-ekweta na ọ na-ewe ọ dịkarịa ala otu izu iji hụ ihe atụ ma gbalịa ịme ha. N'ezie, inwe ụdị e wuru na UML nchịkọta akụkọ wee mepụta koodu maka ngwa ma ọ bụ ihe atụ anụ ahụ nke nchekwa data na-aga n'ihu… ọ bụrụ na emechara ya, n'ezie.

Akwụkwọ ntuziaka ahụ bụ German, French na Bekee. Site na uru na mgbe a nabatara ya na Colombia, a gbalịsiri ike ịhapụ nsụgharị n'asụsụ Spanish, nke n'ụzọ dị na usoro nke imeziwanye; Anyị nwere olile anya na ị ga-enweta maka ibudata ngwa ngwa na www.interlis.ch.

Esemokwu n'etiti INTERLIS-1, INTERLIS-2 na asụsụ ndị ọzọ

Usoro 2 nke INTERLIS bụ ihe a na-ahụ anya, gbanwee ma kwadoro klas ndị ọzọ dị mgbagwoju anya; dakọtara na mbipute 1 ma kwadoro ndọtị, mgbagwoju mgbagwoju ma nyefee site na XML.

N'iji ya na usoro ndu na asusu ndi ozo, INTERLIS ziri ezi karia UML di mfe, obu ezie na ihe nile dabere na asusu a. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ọ kapịrị ọnụ na mpaghara ala n'ihi ntinye nke ụdị ihe dị iche iche (isi, akara, arcs, ebe na elu). E jiri ya tụnyere GML, ọ na-eme ka azụmahịa, nke na-adịghị na LADM na maka anyị ndị gbalịrị iziga ọrụ WFS site na iji GML anyị ghọtara njedebe. INTERLIS bụkwa akụkụ nke ọba akwụkwọ OGR / GDAL (2.0) yana enwere ike ilele faịlụ XTF site na iji QGIS. Ngwaọrụ Open Source ndị ọzọ na-enye ohere ọgbọ nke nchekwa data nchekwa na PostgreSQL / PostGIS, mbubata data kwuru na atụmatụ na mbupụ na faịlụ XTF (ili2pg). Ma n'ezie enwere ọtụtụ ngwa ikike site na nnukwu ụmụ nwoke, GEONIS maka ArcGIS dabere na FME, GeosPro si Geomedia, INTERLIS maka AutoCAD Map3D.

LADM INTERLIS COLOMBIA

Dika ekwuru na mbu, maka ojiji nke INTERLIS enwere ihe di iche iche di iche iche nke ntinye aka na ntinye ihe di iche iche na nyocha di iche iche, dika ndi n 'akuko, UML Editor na Checker.

A na-eji INTERLIS Compiler iji kwado njikọ nke ụdị, INTERLIS Checker na-enye ohere iji kwado ndakọrịta nke faịlụ data gbasara ụdị nkọwa, yabụ iji ya chọrọ ihe atụ (.ili ndọtị) yana kwa faịlụ mbufe ( .ma ọ bụ .xtf); Ọ chọkwara imezu ndọtị faịlụ .cfg maka njirimara nhazi (ebe akọwapụtara ihe ndị achọrọ maka ntinye kacha nta na ihe nlereanya ahụ). UML Editor na-agba ọsọ site na umleditor.jar, na-enye gị ohere idezi atụmatụ INTERLIS anya. Maka ugbu a ọ bụ naanị French na German. GUI dịtụ nke oge ochie ma e jiri ya tụnyere VisualParadigm ma ọ bụ Enterprise Architect, agbanyeghị na ọ bara uru maka isi - ihe kachasị mma bụ na ọ na - ewepụta koodu ihe atụ yana syntax ziri ezi.

Ụkpụrụ Usoro

N'ezie, mbụ mezuru ọrụ na "geomatist ekwesịghị ịtụ egwu ụdị", nke pụtara na ọ dị mkpa ịgụ. N'ụbọchị nke abụọ, a rụrụ ọrụ na-akọwa isiokwu; N'ihe banyere profaịlụ LADM Switzerland,

A na-eji isiokwu ndị a:

-Catastro
-Nke mkpuchi
Ihe nchịkwa
-Ndị na-ekpuchi mmiri

N'ihe banyere Ụkpụrụ Colombia, a na-eji otu ihe eji emepụta ihe, na isiokwu ndị na-esonụ:

-Catastro
-Nkeghari
-Ordenamiento Territorial
wdg

A kọwaziri ndị na-achị ya:

Ihe ndi anumanu:
-Control Point
-Predio (gụnyere ala na mwube)
-Nchịkwa ndị ọchịchị
-azu ahia nke oke
- Akụkụ anụ ahụ dị iche iche
- Ebe a na-enye ego
-Ek.

N'ikpeazụ, e nyere ụfọdụ ụkpụrụ nke LADM Model ugbu a; dị ka, ọ bụrụ na a ga-ewepụ nkwupụta, ma ọ bụrụ na klaasị ga-abụ ọtụtụ… wdg. A na-atụ aro na Isiokwu dị na Plural, ebe klaasị dị iche iche. Ya mere, ugbua na ofufe, ihe nlereanya a dị ka nke a:

IHE MGBE ACHỤKWU =

END control_points;

AKỤKỌ Ụlọ =

! Ejiri ihe

! Ala, ewu, ...

END;

OWU OZI =

! Ngalaba nchịkwa

! Ngalaba Mpaghara Gburugburu

END;

A na-ekewa ụdị, subtypes na iwu; O yiri ka ọ dị mgbagwoju anya, mana ọ bụghị. Site na ụdị dị iche iche nke ụdị Colombia nwere ihe dị iche, n'ime ụbọchị abụọ ọ ga-ekwe omume iwu ụdị INTERLIS nke LADM wuru n'ọnwa Machị. O doro anya, ndị Latin America na-ewegharị oge ọzọ, ọzọ n'ihi na ngalaba niile, ụdị na ụdị dị iche iche abanyela na ụdị INTERLIS; ihe ndị ikekwe kewaa oge. Hụ otu ụdị Dutch si dị mfe:

!! --------------------
!!
!! Nsuso 19152 LADM profaịlụ mba na NL jiri INTERLIS 2 kwadoro
!!
!! --------------------
!! nyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme
!! --------------------
!!
!! 03.02.2014 / mg: mbido mbụ
!! 17.11.2014 / mg: ụfọdụ mmezi mmezi
!!
!! --------------------
!!
!! (c) Swiss Land Management (www.swisslm.ch)
!!
!! --------------------

INTERNIS 2.3;

BỤTA ỤLỌ LADM_NL (en)

Na "http://www.swisslm.ch/models"
Ụdị "2014-02-03" =

   ECHICHE UNQUALIFIED ISO_Base;
   IZI AKWỤKWỌ AHỤGHỤ ISO19107;
   IZI AKWỤKWỌ AHỤGHỤ ISO19111;
   IZI AKWỤKWỌ AHỤGHỤ ISO19115;
   IZI AKWỤKWỌ AHỤGHỤ ISO19156;
   NKPỤTA LADM_Base UNQUALIFIE;
   NKWU NDỊ LADM UNQUALIFYED;

   DOMAIN
       Ebumnuche UnknownValueType =
      END UnknownValueType;

      CLASS NL_SpatialUnit (ABSTRACT) Gbanyere LADM.Spatial_Unit.LA_SpatialUnit =
         ụdị (EXTENDED): LADM.Spatial_Unit.LA_DimensionType;
         landConsolidationInterest: LIST {0..5} OF UnknownValueType;
         BuyPrice: Ego;
         olu (AHỤ): LADM.Spatial_Unit.LA_VolumeValue;
      END NL_SpatialUnit;

TADIC LADM_NL =

      CLASS NL_Party gafere LADM.Party.LA_Party =
         aha (Ebugharị): CharacterString;
         ọrụ (AHỤ): LADM.Party.LA_PartyRoleType;
      END NL_Party;

      CLASS NL_AdminSourceDocument EXTENDS LADM.Administrative.LA_AdministrativeSource =
         ekwu: ego;
         BuyPrice: Ego;
      END NL_AdminSourceDocument;

      CLASS NL_RRR (ABSTRACT) Gbanyere LADM.Administrative.LA_AdministrativeSource =
         nkọwa: CharacterString;
      END NL_RRR;

      CLASS NL_BAUnit na-agbaso LADM.Administrative.LA_BAUnit =
         aha (Ebugharị): CharacterString;
      END NL_BAUnit;

      CLASS NL_RealRight na-agafe NL_RRR =
         ụdịDapụtara: (ọzọ);
         ụdịSold: (ọzọ);
      END NL_RealRight;

CLASS NL_Restriction EXTENDS NL_RRR =
Debe NL_Restriction;

      CLASS NL_Mortgage EXTENDS LADM.Administrative.LA_Mortgage =
         nkọwa (Ebugharị): CharacterString;
      END NL_Mortgage;

CLASS NL_Parcel EXTENDS NL_SpatialUnit =
END NL_Parcel;

CLASS NL_BuildingUnit EXTENDS NL_SpatialUnit =
END NL_BuildingUnit;

      CLASS NL_Network agafeghị LADM.Spatial_Unit.LA_LegalSpaceUtiliyNetwork =
         ụdị (EXTENDED): LADM.Spatial_Unit.LA_DimensionType;
         landConsolidationInterest: LIST {0..5} OF CharacterStringListValue;
Ya mere rue mgbe ịchọta END LADM_NL
LADM INTERLIS COLOMBIA

Banye na internationalization nke INTERLIS na Latin America, ọ dị anyị ka ọ bụ ihe ịma aka na-adọrọ mmasị maka Agustín Codazzi Institute na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ metụtara Njikọ Ala na Colombia, ọ bụghị naanị n'ihi nkwado nke aka ya na Switzerland Cooperation na-anọchite kamakwa oke ibu nke Institutionslọ ọrụ ndị Colombia dị na South America. Echere m na ezigbo nkuchi na ndọtị nke ihe nlereanya na mpaghara nke Cadastre, jikọta ya na ndekọ aha nke ihe onwunwe, Territorial Planning na Colombian Spatial Data Infrastructure ga-elekwasị anya na anya nke mba gafere cone ndịda.

INTERLIS ga-eme ka izu ike dị na ntinye nke Ngalaba Nchịkwa Ala (ISO 19152), ọbụlagodi n'ihe metụtara mmekọrịta, ọkachasị n'ihi na ọ na-ebelata ụzọ nnabata nke faịlụ GML dị ka usoro mgbanwe, na-erite uru na ngwaọrụ nyocha. , nyefee na nkwado. Just ga-echerịrị ikike ị ga-enwe, na-eche na Colombia na iwu ọhụrụ ya na-amalite ịmalite mkpokọta Multiastur Cadastre, nke ga-achọ ngwaọrụ maka njikwa ogo data sitere n'aka ụlọ ọrụ nzuzo na ndị ọkachamara gbaara aka na ihe gbasara obodo 1.100 nke ha ga - eji nwayọ banye IGAC Cadastre ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche nke ndị nnọchi anya nke ikike ... nke INTERLIS na-arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu.